ESL

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Alex Sazanov speak ESL before banning

ESL, or English as a Second Language, is usage of English by those that do not speak first language English. ESL is commonly pointed out by a 'teens when they detect it.

Common themes of ESL

• Word order: English word order is different from many other languages, so ESL learners often struggle with putting the correct words in the correct order to form a grammatically correct sentence.
• Verb tense: ESL learners often have trouble using the correct verb tense, especially with irregular verbs or verb forms that are different in their first language.
• Subject-verb agreement: ESL learners may struggle with correctly matching the subject of the sentence with the appropriate verb form.

Pronoun usage: ESL learners may use the wrong pronoun (such as "I" instead of "me") or omit pronouns altogether.

• Articles: ESL learners may have trouble using "a," "an," and "the" correctly, especially since some languages do not have articles.
• Prepositions: ESL learners may use the wrong preposition, or use a preposition when one is not needed.
• Plural and possessive forms: ESL learners may have trouble forming plurals and possessives, especially with irregular nouns.
• Adjective and adverb placement: ESL learners may place adjectives and adverbs in the wrong position within a sentence.
• False cognates: ESL learners may confuse words that look similar in their first language and in English, but have different meanings.